International EV Policies India Can Learn From

As India accelerates its transition to electric mobility, global best practices can serve as powerful lessons. Countries that have successfully integrated electric vehicles (EVs) into their transportation systems have relied on strong policies, robust infrastructure, and consumer incentives. By studying these models, India can refine its approach and overcome key adoption barriers.

Comprehensive Incentive Programs: Lessons from Norway

Norway stands as the global leader in EV adoption, with electric cars making up more than 80% of new car sales. How did they achieve this? Through generous incentives such as zero import taxes, exemption from tolls, free parking, and access to bus lanes for EV users. These policies made EVs more attractive than internal combustion engine vehicles. India can adopt similar user-centric benefits, particularly in congested cities, to boost adoption.

Robust Charging Infrastructure: China’s Scalable Model

China has built the world’s largest EV charging network, with millions of public and private chargers. This infrastructure growth happened alongside EV adoption, supported by public-private partnerships and mandatory charging points in new buildings. For India, replicating this model is critical. Mandating charging stations in residential complexes and commercial hubs, along with fast-charging corridors on highways, will make EV ownership more convenient and practical.

Battery Swapping and Innovation: Japan’s Approach

Japan has focused on technology-driven solutions like battery-swapping stations, reducing charging time and improving convenience for EV owners. This approach is especially relevant for India’s two- and three-wheeler market, where quick turnaround is essential for commercial users like delivery and ride-hailing services. Encouraging private players to invest in battery-swapping ecosystems can make EV adoption faster and more cost-effective.

Conclusion: Adapting Global Best Practices for Indian Roads

India’s EV roadmap can be strengthened by borrowing the best elements from international policies—consumer incentives from Norway, large-scale infrastructure development from China, and technological innovation from Japan. By combining these strategies with India-specific solutions such as localized manufacturing and affordable financing, the country can accelerate its shift toward sustainable mobility and achieve its ambitious EV targets.